生物学杂志

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凡纳滨对虾黄鳃病病原菌鉴定分析及组织病理学观察

  

  1. 1. 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,宁波 315040; 2. 浙江万里学院,宁波 315100
  • 出版日期:2018-10-18 发布日期:2018-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 沈伟良, 在读博士, 工程师,主要研究方向水生动物病害防控,E-mail:sweleon@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈正涛, 硕士, 主要从事水生动物病害研究,E-mail:919065405@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家星火计划项目(2014GA701040);宁波市海洋与渔业局专项(NBITC-20153665G)

Identification and histopathological analysis of the pathogenic bacteria  in the yellow gill disease of Litopenaeus Vannamei

  1. 1. Ningbo Academy of Ocean and Fisheries, Ningbo 315040; 2. Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
  • Online:2018-10-18 Published:2018-10-18

摘要: 在人工养殖的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖池中发现了黄鳃症状的病例,造成较大损失。为了确定该病的主要病原菌,探索药物防治途径,进行了病原菌的分离,并采用PCR技术及16S rDNA测序对分离的病原菌进行鉴定;鉴定后的主要病原菌通过人工感染凡纳滨对虾确定其致病性,石蜡切片观察其鳃组织的病理组织学变化;最后,通过药敏试验确定致病菌的药物敏感性。人工感染试验显示罗尼氏弧菌(Vibrio shilonii)和微小杆菌(Exiguobacterium)共同侵染时可引起凡纳滨对虾黄鳃病,病虾鳃组织变黄,同时出现典型细菌性侵染后的病理变化:鳃丝肿大,组织松散,甚至糜烂。药敏试验结果显示罗尼氏弧菌对吡哌酸、氧氟沙星、氟甲喹和恶喹酸等具有较高的敏感性,对磺胺二甲嘧啶、氨苄青霉素等不敏感;微小杆菌对氨苄西林钠、氧氟沙星、多西环素和氟甲喹等具有较好的敏感性,对磺胺二甲嘧啶、氨苄青霉素、甲氧苄啶等不敏感,可考虑将氧氟沙星和氟甲喹作为治疗该病的候选药物。结果为进一步探索凡纳滨对虾黄鳃病致病机理及有效防治提供了基础资料。

关键词: 凡纳滨对虾, 黄鳃病, 16S rDNA, 组织病理学, 药敏试验

Abstract:  In the artificial culture of Litopenaeus vannamei, we found yellow gill disease, resulting in great loss.In order to study the major pathogens causing the yellow gill disease in Litopenaeus vannamei, PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing techniques were used to identify the pathogens isolated from diseased Litopenaeus vannamei, and the pathogenicity of major pathogens was determined by artificial infection, paraffin section was used to observe histopathological lesions in gill tissues. Finally, the drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria was determined by drug sensitivity test. The results showed that the yellow gill disease in Litopenaeus vannamei caused by Vibrio shilonii and Exiguobacterium together. In addition, histopathological examination showed enlarged gill filament, diffussion and erosion of tissue in gill. The antibiotic susceptibility test indicated that the strain Vibrio shilonii was sensitive to pipemidic acid, ofloxacin, flumequine, etc., but resistant to sulfadimidine and ampicillin. While, the strain Exiguobacterium was sensitive to ampicillin sodium, ofloxacin, trimethoprim, etc., but resistant to sulfadimidine and ampicillin. This obtained information will provide a theoretical basis for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of yellow gill disease in Litopenaeus vannamei.

Key words: Litopenaeus vannamei, yellow gill disease, 16S rDNA, histopathology, drug sensitivity test