生物学杂志

生物学杂志

• 技术方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜柿幼胚抢救体系优化研究

  

  1. 1. 中国林科院 亚热带林业研究所 浙江省林木育种技术研究重点实验室， 杭州 311400；2. 浙江省兰溪市苗圃， 金华 321100
  • 出版日期:2017-08-18 发布日期:2017-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 龚榜初，研究员，研究方向为经济林良种选育与高效栽培，E-mail：gongbc@126.com
  • 作者简介:徐阳，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为经济林良种选育与高效栽培，E-mail：xuyang198610@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”科技计划课题“涩柿和甜柿高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2013BAD14B05)；国家林业局948项目(2013-4-26)；浙江省科技厅十三五果品农业新品种选育重大科技专项“柿枣新品种选育”课题（2016C02052-10）

Optimization of immature embryo rescue technique system for persimmon

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy  of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400; 2. Plant Nursery of Lanxi Citry in Zhejiang Province, Jinhua 321100, China
  • Online:2017-08-18 Published:2017-08-18

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摘要： 柿杂种败育现象严重阻碍了甜柿杂交育种进展，幼胚抢救技术可有效地克服这个障碍。以甜柿富有、晚御所、太秋的幼胚为材料，开展培养基、柿品种、取胚时间4因素3水平正交试验。并在此基础上，以太秋幼胚为材料，开展了取胚时间、培养基成分的单因素试验。结果表明：1）影响柿幼胚抢救的因素影响依次为培养基、取胚时间、柿品种、培养条件；2）花后45~55 d取胚抢救，胚苗成苗率极低，此后，随着胚龄增大，胚培苗成活率逐渐提高，但花后77 d取胚时，胚苗成苗率略有回落，因此长三角地区柿幼胚抢救的最适取胚时间为：花后62~69 d；3）胚苗在不同培养基中的发育状态、成苗率、苗高、生根数上均出现差异，1/2MS+ZT(0.4 mg/L)+ IBA（0.2 mg/L)+活性炭（3 g/ L）+蔗糖（70 g/ L）培养基中培苗发育良好，培养45 d后，成苗率为0.88，平均苗高为3.52 cm，平均生根数为2.52。

关键词: 甜柿, 幼胚抢救, 取胚时间, 培养基

Abstract: The high percentage of abnormal seeds during the growth of its hybrid seriously hampered the development of the persimmon cross-breeding research. The technique of immature embryo rescue could rescue abortive embryos to obtain hybrid seedlings. The immature embryo of D. kaki Thunb ‘Fuyu’, D. kaki Thunb ‘Okugosho’, D. kaki Thunb ‘Taishu’ was used as the experimental materials, an orthogonal experiment of L9（34 ）was adopted to study for embryo rescue. Then, using the immature embryo of D. kaki Thunb ‘Taishu’as the experimental materials, media and embryo-collecting time were respectively determined as univariate factor for further single factor experiment. The results showed that according to the effect on immature embryo rescue,the order for the factors was as follows: media, embryo-collecting time, persimmon varieties, and cultivation conditions. The seedling rates of embryos from 45 days after pollination (DAP) to 55 DAP were extremely low. Though, the embryo culture seedling rates increase as embryo age increased. The seedling rates of embryo from 77 DAP dropped slightly. So, the optimal embryo-collecting time for persimmon immature embryo rescue in the lower area of the Yangtze River is: 62-69 DAP. An extensive variation existed in the development process, embryo seedlings rate, seedling height and root number of persimmon immature embryo in different medium. By comparative analysis, the optimal medium for persimmon immature embryo rescue is 1/2 MS+ZT (0.4 mg/L) + IBA(0.2 mg/L)+Activated carbon (3 g/L)+Sucrose (70 g/L). After cultivating for 45 days, the average seedlings rate, average seedling height and average root number of persimmon immature embryo can, be up to 0.88, 3.52 cm and 2.52 respectively.