生物学杂志

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

微藻生物采收技术的现状和展望

  

  1. 1. 南昌大学 资源环境与化工学院 鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 南昌 330031;2. 清华大学 环境学院 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室,北京 100084
  • 出版日期:2017-04-18 发布日期:2017-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 周文广,博士,教授,研究方向为生物技术与微藻产业联盟,E-mail: wgzhou@ncu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:樊华,副教授,研究方向为污染防治
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然基金(No.51668044);江西省重点研发计划(20161BBH80029);江西省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(150029);第59批中国博士后科学基金(No. 2016M591188) 

Status and prospects of microalgae harvesting with biological flocculation

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Education School of Resources,Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031; 2. Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Online:2017-04-18 Published:2017-04-18

摘要: 微藻是一类重要的光合微生物,在能量转化和碳循环中举足轻重。目前,微藻生物技术主要应用在固碳控污、生物质能源、食品、医药、饲料及其他高附加值产品制备等方面。但仍有很多技术瓶颈亟待解决,其中,微藻采收的高能耗是阻碍微藻产业化发展的主要原因之一。由于微藻在培养液中浓度低、粒径小,传统的沉降、过滤、离心等采收方法都存在效率低或成本高的限制。利用絮凝性藻类、细菌、真菌或者从微生物中提取的生物絮凝剂收获微藻的生物采收技术由于具有安全、无二次污染、采收率高、 设备投入和运行能耗与其他方法相比显著降低等优点,目前被认为是最具前景的采收技术之一。系统地评价了不同微藻采收技术的优缺点,并重点阐述了微藻生物采收技术的研究进展及前景。

关键词: 微藻, 絮凝性微生物, 生物絮凝, 采收

Abstract: Microalgae are important photosynthetic microorganisms playing important roles in energy conversion and carbon cycle. At present, algae biotechnology is mainly used in carbon fixation and pollution control, production of bio-energy, food, medicine, feed, and other value-added by-products, etc. However, there are still many technical bottlenecks need to be addressed such as energy-intensive microalgae harvesting, which is one of the main obstacles that hinders microalgae industry. Traditional harvesting methods such as sedimentation, filtration, and centrifugation are either of low efficiency or high cost for microalgae harvesting due to low concentration in medium and the relatively small size of microalgal cells. Biological flocculation method, mediated through flocculating algae, fungi, bacteria and/or microbial flocculants extracted from microorganisms, is considered as one of the most promising techniques for algae harvesting due to advantages of high safety, high recovery efficiency, low fundamental investment, low operating energy consumption, and no secondary pollution to the environment, etc. This paper critically reviewed different microalgae harvesting methods with particular focus on the current status and prospects of biological flocculation.

Key words: microalgae, flocculating microorganisms, biological flocculation, harvesting