生物学杂志

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青海湖畔3种高原盐生植物叶绿体淀粉粒的变化特征

  

  1. 青海师范大学 生命与地理科学学院 青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室 青藏高原环境与资源教育部重点实验室,西宁 810008
  • 出版日期:2016-12-18 发布日期:2016-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 苏旭,博士后,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事植物形态解剖学研究,E-mail: xusu8527972@126.com
  • 作者简介:周勇辉,硕士研究生,主要从事植物形态解剖学研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31260052);青海省自然科学基金项目(2014-ZJ-947Q);青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室(2015-Z-Y06);青海师范大学2015年度本科生科技创新项目(2015-12,2015-13)

Characteristics of starch grains in chloroplast of three alpine halophytes near the Qinghai Lake

  1. Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process in Qinghai Province, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of Environments and Resources in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, College of Geography and Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
  • Online:2016-12-18 Published:2016-12-18

摘要: 以同种非盐生植物作为对照,利用透射电子显微镜对盐胁迫下3种高原盐生植物——鹅绒委陵菜、西伯利亚蓼和灰绿藜叶绿体淀粉粒的变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,在非盐胁迫下3种高原盐生植物其超微结构无明显差异;而在低温及盐胁迫等多种逆境生态条件下,3种高原盐生植物叶绿体中淀粉粒呈现大量积累且增大的趋势,同时它们多呈圆形沿叶绿体长轴,电子密度中间高、四周低的不均匀分布。此外,还发现3种高原盐生植物产生的潴泡与其叶绿体类囊体程度不同的膨大密切相关。据此,我们认为3种高原盐生植物中淀粉粒增大、增多及潴泡的产生,应是青海湖畔盐渍、低温、低气压、强辐射等多种逆境生态条件胁迫下的反应。

关键词: 青海湖, 盐生植物, 亚显微结构, 淀粉粒

Abstract: The ultrastructure of chloroplast in the mesophyll cells of three typical alpine halophytes including Potentilla anserina, Polygonum sibiricum and Chenopodium glaucum grown at low temperature and in salt marsh near the Qinghai Lake was studied by using the transmission electron microscope. The result showed that the subcellular structure did not differ between the three halophytes under non-stress condition, but there were a lot of starch grains in the chloroplast of three alpine halophytes, which were usually round or oval in shape arranged along the longitudinal axis of chloroplasts, and the whole starch grains were low in electron-density. Meanwhile, the thylakoid of chloroplasts swelled differently, and some of them even became into cisterna. It suggested that the variations of starch grains in the chloroplast of three alpine halophytes stated above were the result of the long-time stress under the adverse ecological factors such as low temperature, low air pressure, strong radiation, salt marsh, etc., and were an adaptation to the environment.

Key words: Qinghai Lake, halophyte, ultrastructure, starch grai