生物学杂志

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伴性基因遗传平衡中的通式及其在教学中的应用

  

  1. 淮北师范大学 生命科学学院, 淮北 235000
  • 出版日期:2016-08-18 发布日期:2016-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 丁建华,博士,副教授,从事遗传学教学与科研工作,E-mail: 59823039@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    淮北师范大学科研启动经费(600928);安徽省省级质量工程项目(2014gxk042);淮北师范大学生物类本科应用型人才实践能力提升创新平台构建项目

The general formula about genetic equilibrium of sex-linked gene and its application in teaching

  • Online:2016-08-18 Published:2016-08-18

摘要: Hardy-Weinberg定律为群体遗传学的理论基石之一,它不仅适用于常染色体上的基因平衡问题,也适用于性连锁基因。常染色体上的一对等位基因的平衡问题由于不涉及性别,其平衡特点较为简单,容易被理解,而伴性基因则不然。对伴性基因的遗传平衡特点进行了详细的阐述,并给出了伴性基因遗传平衡中的2个通式。在教学过程中,结合这2个通式,利用Excel软件的公式输入与作图功能,即可生动地展示伴性基因遗传平衡中的振荡过程,从而取得良好的教学效果。

关键词: 伴性基因, Hardy-Weinberg定律, 遗传平衡, 通式

Abstract: Hardy-Weinberg is one of the theoretical foundations of population genetics, which is not only applicable to the gene balance problem of the autosome, but also applicable to the sex-linked genes. The equilibrium problem of a pair of genes on the autosome is relatively simple and easy to be understood because it is not related to gender, whereas the sex-linked genes do not. The genetic equilibrium characteristics of sex-linked genes were described in detail, and two general formulas were given at the same time in this paper. In the process of teaching, the genetic equilibrium oscillation process of sex-linked genes can be vividly displayed by using the two formulas, and the formula input and mapping function of Excel software, so as to achieve a good teaching effect. 

Key words: sex-linked gene, Hardy-Weinberg, genetic equilibrium, formula