生物学杂志

生物学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 54-.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1736.2024.05.054

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

11种植物挥发油对米象和锯谷盗的熏蒸与触杀活性研究

周　幸， 詹　丽， 孔　波， 梁　倩   

  1. 西南林业大学 林学院， 昆明 650224
  • 出版日期:2024-10-18 发布日期:2024-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 梁倩，博士，副教授，主要从事植物资源开发与利用方面的研究，E-mail:liangqian533@163.com
  • 作者简介:周幸，硕士研究生，主要从事植物多样性保护与利用方面的研究，E-mail:1138519103@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省科技计划项目（2022C02023）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（31201572）；西南林业大学人才引进项目（111307）

Fumigation and contact toxicity of 11 plants essential oils against Sitophilus oryzaeand Oryzaephilus surinamensis

ZHOU Xing, ZHAN Li, KONG Bo, LIANG Qian   

  1. College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
  • Online:2024-10-18 Published:2024-10-14

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摘要： 为评价赤桉、直杆蓝桉、蓝桉、大叶桉、樟脑桉、小叶桉、三花桉、文旦、柠檬、甜橙和柑橘共11种植物挥发油对米象和锯谷盗的熏蒸与触杀活性，采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，用滤纸浸药法和微量点滴法测定挥发油对米象和锯谷盗的杀虫活性。赤桉挥发油对米象的熏蒸活性最好，LC50为29.42 mg/L，直杆蓝桉挥发油次之，LC50为39.22 mg/L。赤桉挥发油对锯谷盗的熏蒸活性最好，LC50为4.97 mg/L，直杆蓝桉挥发油次之，LC50为11.27 mg/L。文旦挥发油对米象的触杀活性最好，LD50为29.84 μg/头，赤桉挥发油次之，LD50为61.92 μg/头。赤桉挥发油对锯谷盗的触杀活性最好，LD50为7.74 μg/头，三花桉挥发油次之，LD50为16.22 μg/头。赤桉挥发油对米象和锯谷盗均具有良好的熏蒸活性，对米象的触杀活性仅次于文旦挥发油，对锯谷盗的触杀活性也最好。赤桉挥发油的主要成分为匙叶桉油烯醇（18.48%），文旦挥发油的主要成分为D-柠檬烯（37.79%）。研究结果为赤桉和文旦植物资源的开发利用及挥发油防治米象和锯谷盗提供理论依据。

关键词: 挥发油, 米象, 锯谷盗, 熏蒸活性, 触杀活性

Abstract: In order to evaluate the control effect ofEucalyptus camaldulensis, E. maidenii, E.globulus, E. robusta, E. camphora, E. tereticornis, E. triflora, Citrus maxima, C. limon, C. sinensis,andC. reticulataplant essential oils againstSitophilus oryzaeandOryzaephilus surinamensis, the fumigant and contact toxicity activities of essential oils were tested. The essential oils of 11 kinds of plants were extracted by steam distillation. Filter paper impregnation was used for testing fumigant toxicity, topical application method was employed for contact toxicity studies. The fumigant toxicities of essential oils fromE. camaldulensisagainstS. oryzaewere the best, with LC50 of 29.42 mg/L, followed by essential oils fromE. globulus, with LC50 of 39.22 mg/L. The fumigant toxicities of essential oils fromE. camaldulensisagainstO. surinamensiswere the best, with LC50 of 4.97 mg/L, followed by essential oils fromE. globulus, with an LC50 of 11.27 mg/L. The essential oils ofC. maximadisplayed contact toxicity againstS. oryzaewith LD50 values of 29.84 μg/adult, followed by essential oils fromE. camaldulensis, with LD50 of 61.92 μg/adult. The essential oils ofE. camaldulensisexhibited contact toxicity againstO. surinamensiswith LD50 values of 7.74 μg/adult, followed by essential oils fromE. triflora, with LD50 of 16.22 μg/adult. The essential oil ofE. camaldulensisrevealed significant fumigation activity against bothS. oryzaeandO. surinamensis. Its contact activity againstS. oryzaewas second only to that ofC. maxima, and its contact activity againstO. surinamensiswas also the best. The main component of the essential oil fromE. camaldulensiswas (+)-spathulenol (18.48%), while the essential constituent of the essential oil fromC. maximawas D-limonene (37.79%). This study revealed that the essential oils ofE.camaldulensis, C. maximahad the potential to controlS. oryzaeandO. surinamensis, and provided a basis for further understanding the interaction between pests and essential oils.

Key words: essential oils;Sitophilus oryzae, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, fumigant toxicity, contact toxicity

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